Physics

Breakup reactions of secondary, unstable beams (see also FRS, Experiments) of neutron rich nuclei such as ^6,8He, ¹¹Li, ^11,14Be, ^17-22O or heavier isotopes (A<50) are studied applying a kinematically complete measurement for emerging fragments and ejectiles including neutrons.

Effects of an extended neutron halo or of neutron skins in some of the isotopes are of particular interest.

Multiphonon Giant Resonances

Double - Phonon States of the isovector Giant Dipole Resonance are excited with cross sections of the order of several hundred millibarns in energetic, peripheral heavy ion collisions due to electromagnetic interaction. Double - Phonon States were observed in ¹³⁶Xe and ²⁰⁸Pb. Coulomb induced fission of fissile beams (²³⁸U) at high energy is studied as well.

Multifragmentation

Multifragmentation in energetic, semi-central heavy ion collisions give access to probe the 'Nuclear Liquid-Gas Phase Transition'. The measurement of neutrons emerging from such a process allows to determine the excitation energy of the pre-fragments. For that purpose, LAND was installed in combination with a number of fragment detectors in stalled at the magnetic spectrometer ALADIN.